Workplace Accidents as a Consequence of Human Error: An Empirical Study in a Gold Mine / Os Acidentes de Trabalho como Consequência dos Erros Humanos: Um Estudo de Caso em uma Mina de Ouro no Brasil
Resumo
In a context where high rates of accidents in the mining industry still occur, this study aims to evaluate if life events of employees of a large mining company in Brazil can cause human errors. Through the technique of modeling structural equations, is measured the causal relationship between life events, capacity for overcoming, stress, psychological function, physiological function, and human error. This based on the assumption that life events can influence these variables, which in turn can generate human error and cause damages to the workers. All the hypotheses of this relation were validated in a gold mining company with more than 600 employees. The results show that the life event is interconnected with human error and that the stress is an agent that influences this process. Furthermore, the descriptive statistics allowed to identify in which groups, selected from sociodemographic variables, there are higher possibilities of human error. The results have theoretical and practical implications and suggest measures that may contribute to reducing psychological and physiological dysfunctions to avoid workplace failures.
Keywords: Workplace accidents. Human Error. Mining. Structural Equations.
RESUMO
Em um contexto em que ainda ocorrem altas taxas de acidentes no setor de mineração, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar se os eventos de vida de funcionários de uma grande empresa de mineração no Brasil podem causar erros humanos. Através da técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais, é medida a relação causal entre eventos da vida, capacidade de superação, estresse, função psicológica, função fisiológica e erro humano. Isso se baseia no pressuposto de que os eventos da vida podem influenciar essas variáveis, que por sua vez podem gerar erros humanos e causar danos aos trabalhadores. Todas as hipóteses dessa relação foram validadas em uma empresa de mineração de ouro com mais de 600 funcionários. Os resultados mostram que o evento da vida está interligado ao erro humano e que o estresse é um agente que influencia esse processo. Além disso, as estatísticas descritivas permitiram identificar em quais grupos, selecionados a partir de variáveis sociodemográficas, há maiores possibilidades de erro humano. Os resultados têm implicações teóricas e práticas e sugerem medidas que podem contribuir para reduzir disfunções psicológicas e fisiológicas para evitar falhas no local de trabalho.
Palavras chaves: Acidentes de Trabalho. Erro Humano. Mineração. Equações Estruturais.
Referências
Amoah, N.; & Stemn, E. (2018). Siting a centralised processing centre for artisanal and small-scale mining – A spatial multi-criteria approach. Journal of Sustainable Mining, 17 (4), 215-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsm.2018.10.001.
APA - American Psychological Association. Gender and Stress. (2019). https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/stress/2010/gender-stress / Accessed:14 February 2019.
Araldi-Favassa, C. T., Armiliato, N., & Kalinine, I. (2005). Aspectos fisiológicos e psicológicos do estresse. Revista de psicologia da UnC, 2(2), 84-92.
Barlow, D. H. (2000). Unraveling the mysteries of anxiety and its disorders from the perspective of emotion theory. American psychologist, 55(11), 1247-1263.
Barreto, N. Brasileiro é o 2º mais estressado do mundo. A Tribuna. (2015). https://www.ismabrasil.com.br/img/estresse52.pdf / Accessed 22 January 2019.
Bialaszewski, D., & Giallourakis, M. (1985). Perceived communication skills and resultant trust perceptions within the channel of distribution. Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 13 (2), 206-217.
Binder, M.C.P., & Almeida, I.M. (2013). Acidentes do Trabalho: Descompasso entre o avanço dos conhecimentos e a prevenção. Patologia do Trabalho Org Renê Mendes.
Bolger, K. E., & Patterson, C. J. (2001). Pathways from child maltreatment to internalizing problems: Perceptions of control as mediators and moderators. Development and Psychopathology, 13(4), 913-940. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579401004096.
Brosschot, J. F., Gerin, W., & Thayer, J.F. (2006). The perseverative cognition hypothesis: A review of worry, prolonged stress-related physiological activation, and health. Journal of psychosomatic research, 60(2), 113-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.06.074.
Burns, R.A., & Machin, M.A. (2013). Psychological wellbeing and the diathesis-stress hypothesis model: The role of psychological functioning and quality of relations in promoting subjective well-being in a life events study. Personality and Individual Differences, 54(3), 321-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.09.017.
Chorpita, B.F., & Barlow, D.H. (1998).The development of anxiety: the role of control in the early environment. Psychological bulletin, 124(1), 3-21. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.124.1.3.
Churchill, Jr. G. A. (1979). A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of Marketing Research, 16 (1), 64-73. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224377901600110.
Cohen, S., Kessler, R.C., & Gordon, LU. (1995). Strategies for measuring stress in studies of psychiatric and physical disorders. Measuring stress: A guide for health and social scientists, 3-26 pp.
Consoni, B. A Importância do feedback. Fundação Educacional do Município de Assis. (2010). https://cepein.femanet.com.br/BDigital/arqTccs/0711260709.pdf / Accessed 25 January, 2019.
Costa, B.S., & Rezende, E. (2012). Meio ambiente do trabalho e a saúde do trabalhador na mineração Brasileira. RIDB, 1(2), 759-792.
Department of Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety. Minerals safety statistics. (2016). https://www.dmp.wa.gov.au/Safety/Safety-statistics-16198.aspx / Accessed 28 December 2018.
Eley, T.C, & Stevenson, J. (2000). Specific life events and chronic experiences differentially associated with depression and anxiety in young twins. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 28(4), 383-394.
FIRJAN. Notícias. (2018). https://www.firjan.com.br/noticias/com-apoio-do-sesi-icn-e-finalista-de-premio-por-suas-acoes-em-qualidade-de-vida.htm / Accessed 19 November 2018.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error - Algebra and statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 18 (1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800313.
Gellhorn, E. (1953). Physiological foundations of neurology and psychiatry: London: Geoffrey Cumberlege.
Gil, A.C. (2002). Como elaborar projetos de Pesquisa. (4th ed.). São Paulo: Atlas, (Chapter 12).
Hair, J., Babin, B., Money, A., & Samouel, P. (2005) Fundamentos de Métodos de Pesquisa em Administração. São Paulo: Bookman Companhia.
Holmes, T. H.,& Rahe, R.H. (1967). The social readjustment rating scale. Journal of psychosomatic research, 11(2), 213-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(67)90010-4.
Hongxia, L., Yongbin, F., Shuicheng, T., Fen, L., & Huan, L. (2014). Study on the job stress of miners. Procedia Engineering, 84, 239-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.10.431.
Janis, I. L. (1958). Psychological Stress: Psychoanalytic and behavioral studies of surgical patients. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 439 pp.
Jarosławska-Sobór, S. (2015). Social potential growth of a mining company on the basis of human capital and occupational safety. Journal of Sustainable Mining, 14 (4), 195-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsm.2016.02.002.
König, J., Block, A., Becker, M., Fenske, K., Hertel, J., Van der Auwera, S., Zymara, k., Völzke, H., Jürgen, H., Freyberger, H.J., & Grabe, H.J. (2018). Assessment of subjective emotional valence and long-lasting impact of life events: development and psychometrics of the Stralsund Life Event List (SEL). BMC psychiatry, 105 pp.
Krenek, M., & Maisto, S., A. (2013). Life events and treatment outcomes among individuals with substance use disorders: A narrative review. Clinical psychology review, 33(3), 470-483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2013.01.012.
Kumar, P., Gupta, S., Agarwal, M., & Singh, U. (2016). Categorization and standardization of accidental risk-criticality levels of human error to develop risk and safety management policy. Safety science, 85, 88-98.
Kurebayashi, L.F.S., Turrini, R.N.T., Kuba, G., Shimizu, M.H.M., & Takiguch, R.S. (2016). Chinese phytotherapy to reduce stress, anxiety and improve quality of life: randomized controlled trial. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, 50(5), 853-860.
Leggett, A., Burgard, S., & Zivin, K. (2015). The impact of sleep disturbance on the association between stressful life events and depressive symptoms. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 71(1), 118-128. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbv072.
Li, D., Zhang, W., Li, X., Zhen, S., & Wang, Y. (2010). Stressful life events and problematic Internet use by adolescent females and males: A mediated moderation model. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(5):1199-1207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.03.031.
Li, Z., & Yi-qun, W. (2001). Human Factors Analysis: Need Problems and Trends. Engineering-Theory & Practice, 6, 13-29.
Liao, K., Zhang, L., & Huang, X. (2006). Research progress in theory of human error. J Mater Sci Technol, 16(7), 45-50.
Liu, H., Zhang, L., & Wang.,Y. (2007). Control model for errors caused by human and barrier analysis. Industrial Engineering Journal-Guangzou, 10(6), 13-33.
Liu, P., & Zheng, M. (2010). Analysis of human error and dynamic progressing model of human error in NPP. Nuclear Safety (Beijing), 47(3), 51-58.
Lu, W., Daleiden, E., Pratt, S., Shay, A., Stone, B., & Asaku‐Yeboah, M. (2013). Life events and internalizing problems among Chinese school children: An examination of the cognitive diathesis model. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 16(4), 307-319. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajsp.12036.
McMillen, J.C., Smith, E.M., & Fisher, R.H. (1997). Perceived benefit and mental health after three types of disaster. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 65(5), 733-739.
McQuaid, J.R., Monroe, S.M, Roberts, J.R., Johnson, S.L., Garamoni, G.L., Kupfer, D.J., & Frank, E. (1992). Toward the standardization of life stress assessment: Definitional discrepancies and inconsistencies in methods. Stress Medicine, 8(1), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2460080107.
Melo, L. Negócios. (2016). https://exame.abril.com.br/negocios/8-empresas-que-incentivam-os-funcionarios-a-praticar-esporte/Accessed 28 January 2018.
Minérios & Minerales. (2016). Duzentas maiores minas brasileiras. 384, pp. 20.
Secretaria Especial de Previdência e Trabalho. Base de Dados Históricos da Previdência Social. (2016). http://www3.dataprev.gov.br/aeat/inicio.htm / Accessed 29 November 2018.
OSHA. Promoção da saúde no local de trabalho para empregadores. (2010). https://osha.europa.eu/pt/tools-and-publications/publications/factsheets/93 / Accessed 12 December 2018.
Paluch, A.E., Shook, R.P., Hand, G.A, O’Connor, D.P., Wilcox, S., Drenowatz, C., Baruth, M., Burgess, S., & Blair, S.N (2018). The influence of life events and psychological stress on objectively measured physical activity: A 12- month longitudinal study. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 15(5), 374-382.
Park, C.L., Cohen, L.H., & Murch, R.L. (1996). Assessment and prediction of stress‐related growth. Journal of personality, 64(1), 71-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00815.x.
Paykel, E. (2001). The evolution of life events research in psychiatry. Journal of Affective Disorders, 62(3), 141–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0327(00)00174-9
Qiao, L., Wei, D., Li, W.F, Chen, Q.L., Che, B.B., Li, Y.D., Qiu, J., Zhang, Q.L., & Liu, Y.J. (2013). Rumination mediates the relationship between structural variations in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and sensitivity to negative life events. Neuroscience, 255-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.09.053.
Radziej, K., Schmid, G., Dinkel, A., Zwergal, A., & Lahmann, C. (2015). Psychological traumatization and adverse life events in patients with organic and functional vestibular symptoms. Journal of psychosomatic research, 79(2):123-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.05.005.
Reason, J. (1990). Human error. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 302 pp.
Reason, J. (2000). Human error: models and management. West J Med, 172(6), 393–396. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.320.7237.768.
Rong, H., Tian, J., & Zhao, T. (2016). Temporal uncertainty analysis of human errors based on interrelationships among multiple factors: a case of Minuteman III missile accident. Applied ergonomics, 52, 196-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2015.07.006.
Rushworth A., Talbot, C., Glehn, F., & Lomas, R. (1999). Investigating the causes of transport and tramming accidents on coal mines, Safety in Mine Research Advisory Committee. Bluhm Burton Engineering (Pty) Ltd, South Africa.
Santana, V.S., Araújo-Filho, J.B., Albuquerque-Oliveira, P.R., & Barbosa-Branco A. (2006). Acidentes de trabalho: custos previdenciários e dias de trabalho perdidos. Revista de Saúde Pública, 40 (6) ,1004-1012.
Simonelli, A.P., Jackson, Filho, J.M., Vilela, R.A.G., & Almeida, I.M. de. (2016). Influência da segurança comportamental nas práticas e modelos de prevenção de acidentes do trabalho: revisão sistemática da literatura. Saúde e Sociedade, 25:463-478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902016147495
Skalle, P., Aamodt, A., & Laumann, K. (2014). Integrating human related errors with technical errors to determine causes behind offshore accidents. Safety science, 63:179-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2013.11.009.
Szurlan, J,. Gleriano, J. S., & Justi, J. (2015). Errare humanum est: fatores que influenciam o erro profissional em saúde. Caçador, 4(1), 24-38.
Tang, J., Yu, Y., Du, Y., Ma, Y., Zhang, D., & Wang, J. (2014). Prevalence of internet addiction and its association with stressful life events and psychological symptoms among adolescent internet users. Addictive Behaviors, 39(3), 744-747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.12.010.
Tripathy, D. P.; & Ala, C. K. (2018). Identification of safety hazards in Indian underground coal mines. Journal of Sustainable Mining, 17(4), 175-183.
Vinokur, A., & Selzer, M.L. (1975). Desirable versus undesirable life events: their relationship to stress and mental distress. Journal of personality and social psychology, 32(2), 329-338.
Wang. S., & Yi X. (2011). It’s happiness that counts: Full mediating effect of job satisfaction on the linkage from LMX to turnover intention in Chinese companies. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 6(3), 337-356.
Wenwen, S., Fuchuan, J., Qiang, Z., & Jingjing, C. (2011). Analysis and Control of Human Error. Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. Procedia Engineering, 26, 2126 – 2132.
Yin, R. K. (2001). Estudo de caso: planejamento e métodos. (2th ed.). Porto Alegre: Bookman, 205 pp.
Zhang W. Causation mechanism of coal miners’ human errors in the perspective of life events. (2014). International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 24(4), 581-586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmst.2014.06.002.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12819/2021.18.1.4
Apontamentos
- Não há apontamentos.
Este obra está licenciado com uma Licença Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0 Internacional.
Atribuição (BY): Os licenciados têm o direito de copiar, distribuir, exibir e executar a obra e fazer trabalhos derivados dela, conquanto que deem créditos devidos ao autor ou licenciador, na maneira especificada por estes.
Não Comercial (NC): Os licenciados podem copiar, distribuir, exibir e executar a obra e fazer trabalhos derivados dela, desde que sejam para fins não-comerciais
Sem Derivações (ND): Os licenciados podem copiar, distribuir, exibir e executar apenas cópias exatas da obra, não podendo criar derivações da mesma.
ISSN 1806-6356 (Impresso) e 2317-2983 (Eletrônico)