Scenarios of the Degree of Centrality and Density of the Networks of the Main Brazilian Airports Between 2003 to 2020 / Cenários do Grau de Centralidade e Densidade das Redes dos Principais Aeroportos Brasileiros Entre 2003 a 2020

Luiz Rodrigo Bonette, Fernanda Alves de Araújo, João Gilberto Mendes dos Reis, Paula Ferreira da Cruz Correia

Resumen


The identification of air transport networks is relevant to the economic development of a city or region, through its passenger demands, and, in this case, there may be a difference between the formation of these networks in different periods and which are the main actors compared in a sample of seven airports. The aim of this study is to analyze the degree of centrality of the network of the seven largest Brazilian passenger airports. This sample is based on the analysis of network indicators for the collection and extraction of passenger data between destinations and airport origins by the National Civil Aviation Agency (ANAC). The Social Network Analysis (SNA) method was applied for the construction of networks through the application of @ Ucinet/Netdraw Version 6.716 software to understand the degree of centrality and the density of the network in the scenarios of 2003, 2007, 2015, 2018, and 2020. It was concluded that the conjuncture of the links and nodes within the scenarios of the hub-and-spoke airport networks of the flows is sustained, to a greater and lesser extent in the network, by an airport in the Brazilian midwestern region (Brasília) and two other airports in the southeastern region. For future contributions, the nine-month 2020 Covid-19 pandemic period was analyzed, bringing results such as reductions in the degrees of centrality and density of the network of these seven airports.

 

Keywords. Airports. Passengers. Hub-And-Spoke. SNA.

 

RESUMO

 

A identificação das redes de transporte aéreo é relevante para o desenvolvimento econômico de uma cidade ou região, por meio de suas demandas de passageiros, e, neste caso, pode haver uma diferença entre a formação dessas redes em diferentes períodos e quais são os principais atores comparados em uma amostra de sete aeroportos. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o grau de centralidade da malha dos sete maiores aeroportos brasileiros de passageiros. Esta amostra é baseada na análise de indicadores de rede para coleta e extração de dados de passageiros entre destinos e origens aeroportuárias pela Agência Nacional de Aviação Civil (ANAC). O método de Análise de Redes Sociais (SNA) foi aplicado para a construção de redes através da aplicação do software @ Ucinet / Netdraw Versão 6.716 para entender o grau de centralidade e a densidade da rede nos cenários de 2003, 2007, 2015, 2018, e 2020. Concluiu-se que a conjuntura dos elos e nós dentro dos cenários das redes hub-and-spoke airport nos fluxos é sustentada, em maior ou menor grau na rede, por um aeroporto da região centro-oeste brasileiro (Brasília) e outros dois aeroportos da região sudeste do Brasil. Para contribuições futuras o período pandêmico da Covid-19 de nove meses de 2020 foi analisado, trazendo resultados como as reduções nos graus de centralidade e densidade da rede destes sete aeroportos.

 

Keywords. Aeroportos. Passageiros. Hub-And-Spoke. SNA.


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12819/2021.18.7.6

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